Kidney disease is one of the most common and serious conditions affecting older cats. Because it develops slowly and often without obvious early signs, kidney disease in cats often only becomes apparent once the disease is advanced.
The good news is that with early detection and proper management, many cats with kidney disease can live comfortable, good-quality lives for years. Understanding cats and kidney disease is key to recognising the signs early and acting quickly.
What Is Kidney Disease in Cats?
Kidney disease occurs when the kidneys gradually lose their ability to filter waste products from the blood, regulate hydration, and maintain electrolyte balance.
There are two main types:
- Chronic kidney disease (CKD) – the most common, progressive over time
- Acute kidney injury – sudden onset, often due to toxins or illness
Most cases we see involve chronic kidney disease in older cats.
Why Are Cats So Prone to Kidney Disease?
Cats have evolved to survive in dry environments, which means they naturally have a low thirst drive. This can result in more concentrated urine and increased strain on the kidneys over time.
Age is the biggest risk factor, but other contributors include:
- Genetics
- Dental disease and chronic infection
- High blood pressure
- Previous kidney injury
- Certain toxins or medications
Early Signs of Kidney Disease
One of the challenges with cats and kidney disease is that early signs are often subtle.
Watch for:
- Increased thirst and urination
- Weight loss
- Reduced appetite
- Poor coat condition
- Lethargy
- Vomiting (in more advanced stages)
These signs can easily be mistaken for “normal ageing,” which is why regular check-ups are so important. The above signs only become apparent once the disease is fairly advanced. At Cottage Vet we highly recommend annual blood testing in cats over the age of 8 years so that we can detect changes early and take action quickly.
How Is Kidney Disease Diagnosed?
Diagnosing cats and kidney disease typically involves:
- Blood tests (including SDMA and kidney values)
- Urinalysis
- Blood pressure measurement
- In some cases, imaging such as abcominal ultrasound or x-rays
Early detection through routine screening is one of the most important tools we have.
How Do We Manage Kidney Disease?
While chronic kidney disease cannot be cured, it can be managed very effectively.
Treatment may include:
- Prescription kidney diets
- Increased water intake (wet food, water fountains)
- Medications to control nausea, blood pressure or phosphate levels
- Fluid therapy in more advanced cases
The earlier we start treatment, the better the outcome.
Why Early Detection Makes a Difference
When it comes to cats and kidney disease, early detection can significantly slow progression and improve quality of life.
Cats diagnosed early may live for many years with good management, while late-stage disease is much harder to treat.
You may also find our blog on annual check-ups helpful in understanding how we detect disease early:
https://www.cottagevet.co.za/blog/annual-check-ups-in-pets
In Summary
Cats and kidney disease are closely linked, especially as cats age. Because the disease develops slowly and quietly, routine screening is essential.
If your cat is over eight years old or showing any subtle changes, now is the time to act.
👉 Book a wellness check and blood screening at Cottage Vet Clinic today:
https://www.cottagevet.co.za/contact-us
